Marshmallow

Althaea officinalis

Marshmallow root: From herbal tradition to everyday wellbeing

Over the centuries, its use has moved on from ancient remedies to modern herbal applications. Throughout this time it maintains its reputation as a gentle yet powerfully restorative plant medicine (1).

What is marshmallow root?

Marshmallow root, scientifically known as Althaea officinalis, is a perennial herb native to Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa. Its name comes from the plant’s affinity for damp habitats, where it thrives in places like marshes.

Althaea stems from the Greek althainein, meaning ‘to heal’, while officinalis is a Latin term used for plants recognised for their medicinal or culinary purposes.

Historically, the root’s high mucilage content (a thick, soothing sap) has made it prized for its ability to calm irritation in places like the throat, stomach and the skin.

A brief history of the Marshmallow plant

The therapeutic use of marshmallow dates back to ancient civilisations. In Egypt, the plant’s root was mixed with honey to create a sweet paste used to ease sore throats and coughs.

Greek and Roman writers described its healing properties for wounds, contusions and inflammation.

By the Middle Ages, Althaea officinalis had become a household remedy across Europe for respiratory and digestive complaints, as well as a topical treatment for skin ailments.

In the 19th century, French confectioners transformed the plant’s sap into a whipped sweet called Pâte de Guimauve, the beginnings of today’s famous marshmallow confectionery (2).

Potential benefits of marshmallow

Respiratory health

Its mucilaginous compounds may coat the throat, easing irritation and supporting relief from dry coughs, sore throats and mild bronchial discomfort (3).

Digestive support

By forming a protective layer over the stomach lining, marshmallow root may help calm gastritis, acid reflux and mild ulcer irritation. It also appears to aid normal bowel function by softening stool and soothing inflammation (4).

Skin health

When applied topically, marshmallow root extract may reduce irritation and redness associated with eczema, rashes or minor wounds.

There are also some studies suggesting that it stimulates the skin’s anti-inflammatory responses. And it has been shown to benefit children with atopic dermatitis (5).

Use in mild urinary tract infection

Its mild diuretic action could support kidney and bladder function by helping to flush the urinary tract and ease inflammation, including inflammation associated with cystitis (6).

Wound and pain relief

Preliminary research suggests marshmallow root may promote wound healing and offer gentle analgesic effects (7).

Antioxidant activity

Extracts have demonstrated antioxidant properties, suggesting a potential to protect cells from oxidative stress (8).

How it is traditionally prepared and used

Marshmallow root is used in several herbal preparations that aim to harness its soothing mucilage.

Tea or infusion: Dried root or leaves are steeped in hot or cold water to create a tea that may ease throat and digestive discomfort. Cold infusions are often preferred to preserve the mucilage.

Gargle: An infusion may be used as a gargle for sore throats or mouth ulcers. Please only use products designed for this purpose.

Topical salve: Extracts mixed with oils or creams are applied externally to calm irritated or inflamed skin.

Poultice: A thick paste from powdered root has traditionally been used on burns, wounds and abscesses to soothe and protect the skin.

Safety

Marshmallow root is generally considered gentle and well-tolerated when used appropriately. While adverse effects are rare, those with known allergies to the Malvaceae family should avoid it or patch test before use.

The herb’s safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been well established, so consultation with a healthcare professional is recommended before use.

Before taking marshmallow root in any form (such as capsules, tinctures or teas) it is important to consult a doctor or qualified practitioner.

It should not replace prescribed treatments, and people with diagnosed conditions or on medication should seek professional guidance prior to use.

Takeaways

With a long heritage in herbal medicine, marshmallow root remains a valued natural remedy for soothing irritated tissues, whether in the respiratory tract or the digestive system. Plus, it is very useful for irritated skin.